I. OVERVIEW:
Heaps, particularly Priority Queues, are data structures that maintain a set of elements with associated priorities.
- A specialized tree-based data structure that satisfies the heap property.
- A Heap, often implemented as a Priority Queue, is a data structure that maintains a partially ordered tree structure. The key feature of a heap is that at any node, the key of that node is less than or equal to the keys of its children. This makes it suitable for efficiently maintaining the maximum or minimum element in a collection.
- Heaps can be implemented as a binary heap or a more generalized structure like a Fibonacci heap. The most common use case is implementing priority queues, where elements with higher priority (or lower priority depending on the use case) are dequeued before those with lower priority.
II. TIPS & STRATEGIES FOR SOLVING HEAP (PRIORITY QUEUE) PROBLEMS:
1. Understand the Problem:
- Clearly understand the problem statement and the operations you need to perform using a heap. Identify whether it…
